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Key messageWe could show long-term effects of logging operation in a Malaysian forest. A forest selectively logged about 50years ago had a longer sunfleck time and a less heterogeneous light spatially than primary forests. Abstract We compared forest light environments between a primary lowland tropical rainforest and a rainforest selectively logged 50 years ago in the Pasoh Forest Reserve,...
Key message Extreme temperatures are causing forest dieback in a Mediterranean-type forest. Topography and cold-air pooling explain the geographic distribution of frost dieback in susceptible tree species. Abstract Alterations to the frequency and intensity of extreme temperatures, predicted with climate change, pose a threat to the health of many forests. Some Mediterranean climate regions are...
Key messageProxies of adaptive traits for resistance to drought were discovered among original annual ring density variables in Douglas fir. Abstract A comparison of dead and surviving Douglas fir trees following the 2003 drought was made to define proxies of adaptive traits for resistance to drought. Increment cores were sampled from trees from three French regions: Centre, Midi-Pyrénées and...
Key MessageOpen-pollinated seedstocks for pecan vary in phenology and composition predictably based on their provenance of origin in ways that impact performance. Abstract Open-pollinated rootstocks of pecan (Carya illinoinensis), water hickory (Carya aquatica), and their hybrids (Carya × lecontei) were screened for nematode resistance in outdoor above-ground box-plots. Seedstocks were selected...
Key messageGrowth temperature had little effect on the response of net photosynthesis to high temperatures (up to 47°C). On the other hand, elevated [CO2] increased net photosynthesis at high temperatures. Abstract We investigated whether Pinus taeda seedlings grown under elevated CO2-concentration ([CO2]) and temperature would be able to maintain positive net photosynthesis (Anet) longer...
Key MessageMorphological plasticity helps plants to cope to environmental conditions. Allometric responses of the mangroveAvicennia germinansto increasing salinity are easily detectable when focusing on the top height trees. Abstract Several studies show that mangrove trees possess high species- and site-related trait allometry, suggesting large morphological plasticity that might be related...
Key messageWe review causes of synergies in mixed-species stands, develop guiding hypotheses for revealing their mechanisms and present a rainfall exclusion experiment along with a transect (KROOF) for exploring drought effects. Abstract While monocultures have dominated forest research and practice in the past, in face of growing resource scarcity and climate change, mixed-species stands...
Key messageWe propose a new methodology to identify intra-annual density fluctuations in latewood using cell features and relative radial position within the latewood of pine trees growing on Corsica, France. Climatic forcing of latewood wood anatomical anomalies was analyzed. Abstract We analyzed latewood anatomical features from Corsican pine (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio) of high-elevation...
Key message The morphology and development of sumac phloem sclereid were observed, sclereid was developed from phloem parenchyma and lignin was deposited in the cell wall of parenchyma and formation sclereid. Abstract Sumac [Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A.Barkley] is a unique economic tree species in China. Raw lacquer is the sap flowing from the phloem of sumac. Stone cell clusters exist...
Key messageThe intra-annual stem girth increment ofQuercus ilex is mainly driven by water availability and secondly by temperature. Tree size and competition modulate the growth response to climate. Abstract Holm oak (Quercus ilex ssp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) is the most widespread species in the Iberian peninsula, being one of the most representative trees in forests and open woodlands...
Key message This paper provides a new anatomical model for how branches are joined together at forks in trees, using evidence from MicroXCT scanning, ESEM output and visual observation. Abstract Wood grain arrangements at the forks and other junctions within a tree must be arranged to mechanically join together the two or more branches, yet not adversely restrict sap flow. The grain orientation...
Key messageStem defects in loblolly pine due to insect pests and wind damage can decrease economic value and affect ecosystem function, however silvicultural management can decrease the impact of these stresses. Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is one of the most important tree crops in the southern United States, comprising 45 % of commercial forestry land. Stem defects can reduce...
Key MessageSynchrony and fluctuation in reproductive output was not associated in individual trees. Abstract In a study conducted at the central Cantabrian Range, northern Iberia, we analyzed the fruiting pattern of 54 rowans (Sorbus aucuparia), a fleshy-fruited tree, over 16 consecutive years. Our objectives were: (a) to assess the covariation between several variables related to the reproductive...
Key messageThe aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships between primary and secondary growth as well as the influences of climate variations on both types of growth. Abstract The relationships between apical (or primary) and radial (or secondary) growth, and climatic influences on both types of growth, were evaluated for Nothofagus pumilio (Nothofagaceae), the dominant subalpine...
Key messageFactors influencing branch growth differed between a qualitative element (whether a branch grows) and a quantitative element (the amount of biomass accretion). Abstract We measured branch growth in saplings of four evergreen broad-leaved tree species growing in a temperate Japanese forest. A hierarchical Bayesian approach was used to model two elements of branch growth: a qualitative...
Key messageThe molecular mechanism of potassium ion transport across membranes in conifers is poorly known. We isolated and analyzed a gene encoding a potassium transporter from the coniferCryptomeriajaponica. Abstract Potassium ion (K+) is an essential and the most abundant intracellular cation in plants. The roles of K+ in various aspects of plant life are closely linked to its transport...
A network of 41 local tree-ring chronologies of oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur) in Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia (latitudes 45.00–48.00N, longitudes 13.14–21.63E, altitudes 80–800 m a.s.l.) was constructed and used to establish common climatic signals in oak tree rings in the region. Co-variation of residual chronologies could be resumed in 11 significant principal components...
Key messageThe olive tree response to sequential pollinations is a more accurate procedure in the assessment of effective pollination period and flower life span than procedure based on the calculation of the components of the pollen-pistil interaction. Abstract Effective pollination period (EPP) was defined by Williams (1965) as the period during which pollination can result in fruit set...
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